Gender equality and feminism are closely related to human rights, justice and democratic values in today’s world

Davlatova Shodiyona | Uzbekistan

Gender equality and feminism are topics that cause a lot of debate and controversy in today’s society. Issues related to women’s rights, their role in society, and the struggle for equality are becoming increasingly relevant. The consideration of the issue of women as a social problem is associated with feminism. In scientific literature, this ontological genesis and epistemological essence of feminism are interpreted primarily in connection with the struggle for human rights and freedoms. Various socio-political movements that emerged in the 19th century, the widespread spread of views on human rights, create the basis for feminism. Therefore, by the middle of the 19th century, the existence of the women’s issue was recognized not only in books, but also in state policies. In 1779, the French philosopher J. Condorcet, with his “Declaration of the Rights of the Citizen and of Women“, and Olympia de Gouges, with his “Declaration of the Rights of the Citizen and of Women”, laid the foundation for the movement for women’s social and political rights in Europe and later in the United States. From this period, the concepts of “feminism” and “feminist” emerged. In fact, the concept of “feminism” is French Feminist is derived from the word. “Femina” means woman. Gender comes from the Latin word genus (in English gender), which means sex in Uzbek. The concept of gender studies began to enter science in the middle of the 20th century. The term gender was first used in his scientific research by New Zealand psychologist John Mani in 1952. Later, in 1963, at the International Conference of Psychologists in Stockholm, American scientist Robert Stoller introduced the term gender to science through his report on the concepts of self-awareness of social gender in society, and proposed to study gender into biological and cultural types. R. Stoller considered it appropriate to study biological sex (sex) as an object of research in biology and physiology, and cultural sex (gender), that is, gender as an object of research in psychology and social science. The term was also coined by English sociologist Anne Oakley in 1972 in her scientific work “Sex, Gender, and Society.”

According to A.A. Huseynova, feminism is considered a movement that protects the socio-political equality of women. Feminism promotes the struggle for women to have equal rights with men in the economic, socio-political and cultural spheres, as well as active participation in socio-political life… Therefore, it has become a women’s ideology, which sets the main goal of equality of people (or rather, genders). If feminism as an idea expresses the equal rights and opportunities of women with men in the socio-political and economic spheres of society, then as an ideology it is a cultural movement aimed at ensuring that women have equal rights and opportunities with men and against all forms of discrimination against women. In a narrow sense, feminism is a movement aimed at transforming the “first enslaved woman” in the history of mankind into an equal subject of society. A.A. Huseynova expresses the right view when she says that “feminism is a movement against the domination of one sex over the other.” She also says that “feminism is not a mono-gender movement consisting only of women. It also includes all humane men who have made the protection of democratic ideas and human rights the meaning of their lives”.

“Feminism is a movement against all social phenomena that contradict the bio-sociological nature of man, including inhuman realities such as gender reassignment, lesbianism, homosexuality, prostitution, and “human trafficking.” In recent years, such inhuman phenomena that contradict the bio-sociological nature of man have escalated, and the media and even some countries are paving the way for this. The most tragic thing is that some international organizations support such situations, and some politicians, with their indifference and irresponsibility, are paving the way for their escalation.

“Gender philosophy” primarily covers the socio-psychological and pedagogical aspects of the relationship between men and women, boys and girls. This concept develops depending on new social views and culture. The concepts of matriarchy or patriarchy in history are a vivid example of this. In the field of education, the concept of gender does not apply only to girls, because by its nature it describes and describes the relationship between boys and girls, that is, it studies the division of social roles, forms of activity, the presence of specific features in the behavior and psychological characteristics of individuals. Gender equality is a state in which men and women have equal rights, opportunities and access to resources. This is not only a matter of human rights, but also an important factor in the sustainable development of society.

Gender equality means that every person, regardless of gender, should have the opportunity to realize their potential, to receive education, to work and to participate in decision-making. It is no coincidence that the responsibility for drafting such an important document as the Universal Declaration was entrusted to the Committee headed by Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt as an honorable task. It was from this time that the issue of women and girls began to gain international importance. Achieving equal access to the same opportunities, rights and responsibilities in all areas of society for women and men was considered the general goal of the principle of gender equality.

Gender equality is a systematic approach and a long-term process. It cannot be instilled only in a certain part of education or only through the institution of the family. Therefore, ensuring the mutual cooperation of the family-community-education system in the formation of a healthy worldview related to gender in the social consciousness is of urgent importance.

The main connection between feminism and gender equality is that both strive to ensure equality between the sexes in society. While feminism is aimed at protecting women and expanding their rights, gender equality is an expanded form of this general approach and means equality between all sexes.

Feminism is a movement that seeks to bring about social change, primarily by empowering women, while gender equality seeks to bring about these changes in all segments of society.

Feminism can be used as a means to achieve the goals of gender equality. Both concepts aim to bring about social change, justice, and gender equality, but their paths may differ.

In conclusion, it can be said that while feminism is a social movement that expresses the struggle of women for their rights and freedoms, “gender” is a concept that refers to the relationship between men and women. Gender equality and feminism are closely related to human rights, justice and democratic values in today’s world. The main idea of feminism is that every person, regardless of gender, has the right to fully realize their potential. Ensuring gender equality brings beneficial results not only for women, but also for society as a whole. . In this regard, the joint and coordinated activities of all sectors of society – state structures, public organizations, business entities, trade unions and the general population – are of great importance.

Read: Question of Balanced Parenting

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Davlatova Shodiyona is 2nd year student of the “International Relations” department of the “Foreign Policy and International Economic Relations” faculty of Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan. She is amateur poetess. Her poems and stories have been published in several magazines and newspapers.